This paper reviews 23 Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers (PRSPs) to consider how they define and measure urban poverty and thereby assess the extent to which they consider urban poverty, concluding that urban poverty deserves more research. Nearly all PRSPs have a strong emphasis on the relative importance of rural poverty. However, many appear concerned that their poverty estimates do not fully represent the situation with respect to urban poverty. Part of the difference in opinions regarding the scale and depth of urban poverty in the PRSPs relates to the differences in how poverty (including urban poverty) is measured. Most PRSPs still rely primarily on income-based poverty lines to define who is poor. In many nations, a single poverty line is used, with no attempt to take account of the higher monetary income needed to avoid poverty in some areas, such as the larger or more prosperous cities.