In British Columbia, Canada, indigenous First Nations are engaged in a process of negotiating and specifying the meaning of treaties originally signed with the then fledgling nation of Canada over a century ago. The process of modernizing these treaties and giving First Nations equal voice in policy and resource management decisions necessitates reaching agreements that will not only provide for a mechanism in provincial and crown policies, but that also establishes aboriginal title to traditional lands and resources. Hopefully, the ultimate result will be an entirely new relationship between First Nations and Canada, whereby indigenous First Nation peoples will be recognized as self-governing entities within the political structure of British Columbia and Canada.