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Understanding the impact of male circumcision interventions on the spread of HIV in southern Africa.
Hallett TB, Singh K, Smith JA, White RG, Abu-Raddad LJ, Garnett GP. Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
BACKGROUND: Three randomised controlled trials have clearly shown that circumcision of adult men reduces the chance that they acquire HIV infection. However, the potential impact of circumcision programmes--either alone or in combination with other established approaches--is not known and no further field trials are planned. We have more...




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Millett GA, Flores SA, Marks G, Reed JB, Herbst JH.
Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd, Mail Stop E-37, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
CONTEXT: Randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses have demonstrated that male circumcision reduces men's risk of contracting human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection during heterosexual intercourse. Less is known about whether male circumcision provides protection against HIV infection among men wh more...




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The Women's Interagency HIV Study, is funded by the National Institutes of Health and is a collaborative, multi-center, longitudinal study designed to comprehensively investigate the natural history and the spectrum and time course of the clinical manifestations of HIV infection in women. There are 3000 HIV-infected women and 1000 HIV-uninfected high-risk women enrolled in the study nation wide and 400 HIV-infected women and 140 HIV-uninfected women enrolled locally.




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The global burden of disease: 2004 update is a comprehensive assessment of the health of the world's population. It provides detailed global and regional estimates of premature mortality, disability and loss of health for 135 causes by age and sex, drawing on extensive WHO databases and on information provided by Member States.
10 facts on the global burden of disease
* Around 10 million children under the age of five die each year
* Cardiovascular diseases are the leading causes of more...




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'This Compilation lists the approximately 1,100 laws, regulations, and guidelines that govern human subjects research in 92 countries, as well as standards from a number of international and regional organizations. This Compilation was developed for IRBs/Ethics Committees, researchers, sponsors, and others who are involved in international research. Its purpose is to help these groups familiarize themselves with the laws, regulations, and guidelines where the research will be conducted, to assur more...




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'A country-by-country assessment of HIV and mobility in the 10 ASEAN member countries reveals that despite their contributions to national economies, migrants have little or no right to legal or social protection, and generally lack access to HIV/AIDS services and information. HIV/AIDS and Mobility in South-East Asia, produced jointly by the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and the United Nations Regional Task Force on Mobility and HIV Vulnerability Reduction in South-East Asia and more...




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Getting married in Nigeria often requires more than just the bride and groom turning up at the altar, and having witnesses and wedding rings present: many Christian churches also require an HIV test certificate. It may not seem particularly compassionate, but in an era when sex before marriage is the norm, several orthodox and some pentecostal churches are promoting mandatory testing as clear-eyed thinking.




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