This is a review of publications was conducted by the program on International Health and Human Rights, Harvard School of Public Health, August 2006.  It addresses aspects of the intersection between gender-based violence (GBV) and HIV. A large body of literature exists on the negative impacts of societies’ stringent ascription of gender roles on vulnerability to HIV infection and, once infected, to receiving appropriate or quality care and treatment. Gender based expectations as well as increased rates of poverty and persistent forms of discrimination against vulnerable groups (including discrimination based on gender) are well known economic, social and cultural sources providing fuel for the HIV epidemic. Much has been written on the intersections between the promotion and protection of human rights and vulnerability in the context of HIV prevention and care