'Given increasing evidence of environmental degradation, the system
needs reform urgently. However, it should be noted that the system
needs reform not because it has “failed,” but because it has outgrown its
own original design.
This book seeks to identify a number of practical steps that can foster
a more efficient and effective environmental regime, making better use
of the resources available and designed in a way that will be more helpful
to the implementation of international more...
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'This paper examines the links between the risk of conflict and the production and trade of agricultural and marine commodities. It does so using a series of case studies: cocoa in Côte d’Ivoire, bananas and subsequently fisheries in Somalia, and cotton in Central Asia. Much like the traditional conflict resources (oil, diamonds, timber, minerals, etc.), there is strong evidence that fished and farmed commodities can also be (mis)used in such a way that their production and trade contribute t more...
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'This paper investigates how environmental change and Canadian security are interlinked. First, it attempts to chart the ways in which global environmental change (such as climate change and environmental mismanagement) affect Canada‘s domestic security and the welfare of Canadian interests overseas. Three particular challenges stand out: the first is the struggle for control of shipping routes across a warming Arctic; the second is the hunt for new sources of energy; and the third is environm more...
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This publication from the Independent Evaluation Group examines IFC and the World Bank's support for environmental sustainability from 1990 to 2007.
While there are difficulties in comparing the experience in the public and private sectors, the report assesses the Bank Group's effectiveness as a whole. It also attempts to identify the main constraints and suggests ways to enhance the Bank Group's effectiveness in coming years.
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'To achieve the government’s target of full access in a cost effective manner, this project proposed a two track approach: (i) expand the electricity distribution grid to connect new consumers and (ii) support renewable energy options to provide electricity in areas not reached by the grid by making solar home systems (SHS) available to households and a biomass pilot project to electrify village markets and associated small enterprises and households.'
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'The Renewable Energy Development Project, supported by the World Bank and the Global Environment Facility (GEF) promoted the development of a sustainable photovoltaic (PV) market in China. The aim was to provide reliable, affordable and environment-friendly energy to villagers who live off the electric grid, by assisting the development of good-quality, service-oriented PV businesses through capacity building, training and technical assistance.'
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This report considers how these countries will be impacted by climate change, reviews what is currently being done about the issue, and charts some areas of further development in the near term and longer term future, at the national and international level. The key impacts of climate change in this report include, firstly, those on natural and managed systems, Secondly, the projected human costs are outlined, and finally threats to cultural knowledge, particularly where cultural focal points ar more...
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